HERE ARE THE REASONS THE LONGARM/SHORTARMS SKILL SPECIALIZATIONS WON"T WORK:
A pistol is used held away from the body with the arm(s) fully extended, with the shooter's primary focus on the front sight only.
A longarm is used with the arms bent, pulling the shoulder stock firmly against your shoulder, cheek pressed against the stock, and viewing the front sight through the gap in the rear sight.
The only time a weapon skill is used (i.e. it modifies a dice roll) is when actually firing the weapon. So yes, I believe how the weapon is actually used is much more important that what form of energy it uses to damage the target.
In these opinions a number of assumptions are being made:
1) The shooter is human. I don't envision a hiver pressing his cheek against the stock. Do they have cheeks? Are they in the same place? Traveller encompasses many races with many very, different physiologies and the skill system has to be able to cover them all. What is the difference between a hiver pistol and rifle?
2) Weapons technology will continue to progress along the same rifle/pistol technologies we have today. WIth laser weapons lacking a recoil a laser pistol could easy be mounted on the head or on a hat like the LED flashlights we have today and fired via "bluetooth". (Let me know if you want to try that with even a 9mm...I'd like to watch) or because of the lack of recoil a laser weapon braced against the sterum instead of the shoulder and held in place with one, two or both hands, looking down into the sights that use the laser weapons own optics for targeting. How about a weapon that has a pistol grip and trigger, but the weapon itself is carried on the bottom side of the forearm? Is that a pistol or rifle? What exactly is the dividing line between a pistol and rifle? Even this definition has changed greatly over time. Even among humans, I'm guessing that a cybernetic slug pistol would be fired a bit differently from a standard slug pistol.
3) The weapon will be fired in a 1 or 0 G environment and/or in either air or vacuum. Normally, a heavier weapon that would require two hands to hold and stabilize in a 1G environment, may only need one hand in say the gravity of the moon, at least until the trigger is pulled. And, a slug weapon fired under water or in a heavier fluid environment, well, recoil wouldn't be any where near as much a problem.
4) Weapons won't be repaired or modified from their factory specifications. Player A takes a standard shotgun (rifle) and saws off the barrel, then replaces the stock with a pistol grip. How do I know he'll do it? Because it's what I'd do. We've all seen weapons with foldable stocks and pistols modified by having stocks put on. Now where do these weapons fit? Into rifles or pistols?
5) That all range weapons will have barrels. What of a sonic/sound based weapon that simply has a speaker on it as the focusing mechanism. How do we know that a Neural weapon has a barrel at all and not just an "emission plate" that directs its energy?
For all these reasons I BEG YOU not to go with the longarm/shortarm specializations under gun combat.
Please, go with the weapon mechanisms as the specializations instead:
laser weapons / slug weapons / gauss weapons / neural weapons / etc.
Separation by Civilian/Military specializations would be purely arbitrary and with vastly different law levels from system to system would be very confusing.
Separation by pistol/rifle specializations again purely arbitrary and because of blurred lines always arguable.
Separation by weapon mechanisms ... defined by physics. Now that's something I can work with. Besides, Traveller is/has been a hard science fiction setting.
BTW guys thanks for making me feel welcome and reading my posts. I hope I'm posting good arguments in a positive and productive manor. By this time on most other sites a discussion like this would've degenerated into name calling and swearing. You're making strides in restoring my faith in humanity.