I think that TLs are fundamentally about population & productivity -- the greater the number of non-subsistence-agriculture 'specialists' a society can support, the more specialists you have developing technology. That is the 'cause', the driver. The 'result' is mostly two fold: 1} More available energy / productivity available to each person in the civilization, and 2} Better materials. The better materials are crucial, because it allows stronger, lighter, more durable, more useful tools to be made & used.
So a tech table should keep improvements both in energy & materials firmly center-of-mind.
The lowest energy tech is 'naked sophont, alone' -- levers, axles, and wedges is an advance; domesticating animals as an energy source is an advance; steam is an advance; internal combustion is an advance; electric motors are an advance. Increases in energy might be best described as 'X kWh of work available', rather than specifically 'Steam turbine' technology,
The lowest materials tech is 'naked sophont, alone' -- wood, hide, stone; copper, tin, lead; bronze; artisinal iron; foundry iron; the different grades & alloys of steel; aluminium & the other light metals; metamaterials; zeolyes; quasi-crystaline & photonic crystals; superconductors; plus all the quasi-particle enriched mateials & meta-materials we might discover in the future... these are all materials advances. Similarly, materils might be better described rather than named -- 'one point of armor per unit, for x mass and cost' as opposed to 'wooden curraise'.
But the materials and energy have to advance before the tools do.