MonsterX
Emperor Mongoose
If you want to do this with a 100-ton ship, for example, you'll want to get a lot of velocity. The more velocity, the bigger the crater. And succeeding isn't just about making the big boom, but more importantly getting past defenses. This you do by arriving at relativistic speed, preferably 90+% of light speed. If the light from the image of your ship arrives in the defenders' fire control sensors at basically the same time as your ship hits the planet, there is no defense. Large close in asteroids could be very destructive, but the defenders would see them coming, and so it would result in a conventional engagement. The defenders would just have to knock it off course, probably by smashing it with their own asteroid, which is trivially easy with Traveller tech.An asteroid doesn't need high speed to decimate a planet, it just needs size. If I have players that want to do it, I tell them that I don't run games that include the players committing genocide. So, don't do it, or find another table. lol
As far as the map goes? This is the Traveller Universe, not our universe, so in the TU, the galactic plane is flat. lol. Stating this when people ask gets Me a lot of confused faces. lol
It's not just about PCs doing it; it is about consistent world building - if doing this is possible, it is good to have an explanation for why it isn't happening and why Naval doctrine isn't focused around it, when there are clearly lots of wars happening in which relativistic weapons would be useful. All these Ancients' weapons that are supposed to be so impressive suddenly become much less special when even a small civilian ships could easily take out a major city .
Consistent world building is a good goal to have, but I just don't think the juice is worth the squeeze, in this particular case. I recognize the problem the rule is trying to solve, and it is a problem I would like to have solved, but in this case I think it is just better to paper it over rather than tackle it head-on. As Referee I can just avoid talking about relativistic weapons being used, and unless the players have some use for one in play, which I will try not to give them. Therefore the topic will never come up.
Except of course in DNR
I can see how the situation might arise, given the nature of the big baddy.