Yeah. The main differences between the rule sets relate to character generation (which are still pretty similar, and both basically produce a UPP and a skill list) and combat (but still using almost the same weapons and armour, and similar enough that you shouldn't need to make adjustments).
You will find the odd piece of equipment from CT not included in the basic MGT book (i.e. SMG's, various ships), but it's easy to substitute, and there are many new toys in MGT that were either added to later CT or other Traveller editions (or in some cases are altogether new) that you may want to use in the CT adventures.