Some things no one has mentioned in regards to heavy weapons and ship boarding actions - briefings and the capabilites of Battle Dress.
Professionals, like the Imperial Marines, are most likely going to be briefed on the situation they're going into. Part of that briefing is going to include as much of the layout of the ship they're boarding as possible.
Considering that Battle Dress most likely has an onboard computer, this information can be downloaded to them, and after downloading, should be available to them in an instant - so if they want to fire an FGMP on board a ship, they'll be be able to ask the computer the advisability of such an action.
Layout information can be provided to the BD in four different ways, and it is likely that more than one means will be used in any given situation.
- for ships of a "standard" class, the standard plan information. It's also likely that Imperial ships, as a matter of course, will receive updated specs and registration numbers of every ship known to have operated in their region for a period of time. How accurate those are, of course, depends on many factors.
- intelligence operations. A prime piece of information spies will be seeking are the deck plans and layouts of "enemy" ships.
- scans before and during combat. Fuel tanks will probably be one of the easier areas to define from scans
- real time boarding data as the Marine's board, and their computers interface and update things.
This actually brings up all sorts of tactically interesting situations during ship boardings. If a pirate crew knows the Marines will be boarding, then they may well hole up in that stateroom next to the fuel tank. Now the marines are left with the choice - use the FGMP that will end the combat instantly (and likely them with it) or use a lower firepower approach?
Overall, Marines will not only want to use every tool at their disposal, be it a cutlass or an FGMP, but will want to be able to make the decision of what tool should best be applied in any given situation. Their field equipment - AKA Battle Dress; their training and situational briefings will mostly likely be designed to give them the information they need to make the best battlefield decisions they can - including whether or not to blast out a bulkhead with a PGMP, or storm a corridor with cutlasses.
Now, with the wide lattitude that various Imperial commanders are given thanks to the communication lags, you may very well run across Naval and Marine commanders who will not allow their troops to use Plasma and Fusion weapons in boarding actions. But you'll probably run across as many that will. And regardless of the rules, you'll probably still have Marines that bring FGMPs to the party - it's their lives on the line, and they'll be damned if they'll let some Admiral dictate to them.