Jumping straight to Protoype 17 and ignoring the TL-15 worlds maybe having prototype TL-16?
That doesn't seem fair.
How about we stick to the production tech for a discussion about what the respective worlds can supply their fleets en masse, eh?
By definition prototype systems predate full production; they'd still be using actual TL-16 factories to make almost all their TL-16 equipment. To be honest, at even TL-13 you're probably just making as much gear as you need in short order out of your robot factories anyway, and those are likely to be much cheaper and possibly better made than the fabricated version.
So... yes a +1 advantage on the Smart weapons and sensors. Molecular Bonded steel is very nice, (except vs Mesons ofc).
Thinking computers are also nice. That's a definite advantage, if you're allowed to install them. For the specific example of Vincennes, probably not, at least in large numbers.
I have to admit I could not find any reference to Superior Sensors or matter transport in Core or High Guard. Where are those from?
Look, I do not deny that a Vincennes squadron definitely has a significant edge over an equivalent TL-15 squadron. My point was that there's one Vincennes and an entire TL-15 Imperial Navy, backed by many, many Pop 10 TL-15 industrial worlds. Their tech edge isn't so far in advance of the Imperial army and fleet that they could stand against even the Sector fleet of Deneb.