frobisher said:
You're thinking of a Supernova event which is a not exactly the same thing as a Nova event. In the former the star blows it self apart after collapsing inwards, in the later the star "merely" sloughs off matter into its surroundings; The normal cause is when a a star ecretes matter from a nearby companion star and gets to the point whereby the gravitational forces don't balance the outward solar wind pressure. Slightly less violent, but still nasty.
Let's test our understanding...
"Nova" - the usual death of a big sun, instead of the cycle of normal (sol-sized) stars which can be expected to grow into a red giant, then a cepheide-type, then collapse into a white dwarf; a bigger sun (twice to three times Sol) collapses hard enough to blow up, blasting it's outer mantle into space (which thus vaporize all inner planets and all but possibly the densest cores of outer palanets at least), leaving behind a neutron star or small black hole. Can also be caused by several other things, from real life (your companion stars would fit in here, though this event still causes the upper atmosphere of the dwarf to explode - not merely a series of flares, but a big bright blast) and sf imagination (antimatter induction to stellar core, stargates dropped intot he sun, that sort of thing)
"Supernova" - same thing with realyl big stars (well over 3 times sol mass - exact margins are only estimations at this time), this time the explosion is so violent that it will create a nebular over the next few million years and possibly seed new stars. Theorized to always leave behind a black hole, and possibly even capable of sending out enough matter to destabilize nearby stars...
At least that is how my last girlfriend (almost finished her study of astro-physics) explained it to me.