There are ways you can extrapolate, laying aside the military advances, the changes would be (and this is in no way the limits as I don’t wanna dive into it very much) higher living standards, as medicine gets better, the same tumult with expertise as we see in today and in history when tech has a boom and economies slide to new gears, higher connectivity with people not just on your own world but in your minor leagues and polities so your cultural identity is spread far far wider, I mean TL14 is supposed to allow Ecopoiesis that’s just insane understanding of how you inhabit the strange new worlds you’re surrounded by. Cities no longer need ground real estate as they can float, the tech charts paint a vivid picture of what you can expect at the higher levels, and this dosnt even scratch the surface of some of the near magic that can appear, like anagathics, essentially immortality in pill form (how it is in my head don’t ruin it) and while that is illegal in the 3i, it does exist and is used by those few that can. So I do think there is enough info on how a society and culture can potentially change along technological avenues, the social reality is often a good deal muddier the same inter generational conflict will preside the whole “kids these days are lazy” they’ve been saying that for well over 100 years at this point in the real world. But I do agree that it’s a lot of division, it’s why I’d like some better rules on retro-tech and how you can create your own variations more easily, not only do I think it would create a frame work for future releases, I think it’s would also save space in any future catalogs as well, as you can list a single item at the lowest level it’s likely, and then put a maximum TL into a box and with the retro tech rules define what those changes would have been, as things can only get so good.I mean, I absolutely think that Traveller makes excessive divisions of technology and not just in this context. We have 15 TLs because that matched the hexadecimal scheme, not because we have that many cool ideas for major technological change.
TL 13 through TL15 is basically just more of the same. You can jump a little farther, you can make your fusion power plant a little smaller, But what's the thing that makes you think society is clearly different now? It's all just 'advanced space age' until you hit TL16 and artificial sentience.