Of course, just like all economic activity requires infrastructure. Why wouldn't people build the necessary infrastructure? How much infrastructure do fabricators need? Determine its function and capacity, get an appropriate fusion plant, put in the utilities, build the roads, worker housing, and all that, and away you go. All this would be planned by the people who wanted to do it. They'd figure out what they wanted to do, calculate the budget, make necessary compromises, then build it.
Idiots that allow such a single point of failure deserve the consequences. Why wouldn't they have backup generators for this contingency? The fabricator plant would have its own powerplant, and if that fails, I'm sure the planetary authorities would requisition power from other powerplants that power non-essential systems. They could even pay some scruffy adventurers to connect their ship powerplant to the fabricator facility to fabricate the part. If vehicles, air/rafts etc. all use fusion power, I doubt it would be that hard. And if there were ever a powerplant failure in living memory, they planetary authorities or the people whose lives depended on power being up would make sure they had a backup powerplant.
Yet this is a fundamental part of Traveller. People on low tech planets have starports, air rafts, all that crap. They can't build or maintain these goods without interstellar trade, but that's what interstellar trade is for, that's why the Imperium guards it jealously, and that's why the Long Night was so devastating. If the appropriate authorities or management or concerned citizens know this vulnerability exists, they would move toward mitigating that vulnerability. If they don't, then they're too stupid to live.
Let's consider a hybrid approach. For example let's say there's a mining colony on some inhospitable rockball, no indigenous life. They would rely on interstellar trade for their major end items, like their vehicles, mining engines, construction vehicles, prefabricated structures, fusion plants, etc., but, IMO, they would also install fabricators to produce things like repair parts, tools, supplies, etc. It may not be cost effective or desirable for the corporation, investors, or government operating the colony to make it self sufficient, but if the colony is profitable enough, a robust fabricator capability could increase profitability by producing finished products of greater and greater complexity instead of shipping them in.
Isn't this a strong argument for local fabricators, to be able to produce repair parts for critical systems?
Again, I'm not entirely sure what we're discussing. Are you arguing that planets shouldn't use fabricators and should instead rely on interstellar trade?