Ex and Cx from Traveller map (967+2) [9778]; indicates a well developed (but with distinct room to expand) infrastructure, with well connected industrial sites, and a good pool of skilled, hard working labor. But their culture is highly discordant; there seem to be many viscous disagreements between groups. At least some of these are about issues that outsiders do not understand or think are a bit strange -- but they don't ask outsiders for their opinions, anyway.
So when you balkanize the world, you might leave portions of the world -- especially away from resources -- undeveloped or uninhabited; and create dozens of small, quarrelsome powers tightly packed into a relatively small portion of the surface for reasons apparent only to the locals. Make moving from one local nation to another difficult, even between nominally 'friendly' nations -- this is a place where that 'Law Level' really comes into play. There is likely to be widespread 'cold war' paranoia; but remember, these nations do not tend to fight over resources -- their reasons for wars are more along philosophical lines. Outsiders might be heretics, or spies for heretics.
Maybe local superstition centers around rain being sacred; and mishandling rainwater -- or water that might have been rainwater, or symbols or totems associated with rainwater -- is taboo. Groundwater is sacred, too -- and there are rituals that must be performed to appease 'Mother Hilfer' (or, in some areas, 'Aunt Hilfer' or 'Grandmother Hilfer') before using it -- these rituals leave distinct markings behind that need to be left undefaced. Everyone regards it as obvious that Irrigation is allowed only on auspicious days, but which days are auspicious (and which ones carry a daunting penalty) is a matter of gun-fire laden debate. Drinking out of containers which are not transparent, or are inauspiciously colored, is inauspicious or taboo. Some groups strictly regulate bathing, with a caste dedicated to the conservation (and holy handling) of the used bath water. Other groups scorn this as a barbaric and backwards practice; etc. Evaporation of rain-puddles might be seen as a terrible tragedy, or as a revered process by which Mother Hilfer renews herself -- or it can be the work of the sun-demon Mister Reflih. Off-world water is not-of-the-mother, with varying official stances; expect at least several local spaceports to demand a quarantine of ship's personell whereby their urine is kept out of the local economy and they are allowed to drink only acceptably cleansed local water until they are no longer excreting 'foulness'.