My solution to the abuse of patrol-level stations would be to make them 2HPs. And to make hangars cost 3HPs and the big guns 6HP or more.
A patrol-level station could be a medical station (medbay module), a training acadamy, a strategic command centre (war room), with maybe a small weapon module or extra defences, but can't bring fighters, command, fleet carrier, and so on.
Even at skirmish-level you'd only be able to bring one hangar module. And if the big beams cost 6HP, you wouldn't be able to fit those in.