alex_greene said:
Western mythological tropes as established in historical texts of cultural significance to the real nations of the West, or simply the frighteningly narrow cultural tropes established and, to some extent, invented, by the last two centuries' fantasy authors particularly Tolkien, CS Lewis and the Inklings?
There's more to fantasy than Epic Winnie the Pooh!
The Inklings were not the first modern authors to deal with medieval fantasy settings and their work represent merely one strand in the development of fantasy fiction - albeit one that has become dominant since the commercialisation of fantasy from the 1980s onwards. There were a number of earlier British fantasy authors who offer very different styles - William Morris, E.R. Eddison, and Lord Dunsany to name the three most important practitioners.
In addition, the American pulp fantasy tradition developed largely independently of Tolkien and C.S. Lewis until the late 1960's. Authors such as Robert E. Howard, H.P. Lovecraft, and Clark Ashton Smith had minimal contact with the British fantasy tropes and offer an alternative tradition (although Lovecraft did admire the works of Dunsany and there are indications that Tolkien may have been introduced to Robert E. Howard's work AFTER the publication of LoTR). Later pulp authors such as Fritz Leiber, C.L. Moore, Ray Bradbury, Fletcher Pratt, Gardener Fox et al wrote fantasy in a very different style to Tolkien and Lewis well into the 1960s.
It is startling to note that Poul Anderson's outstanding novel "The Broken Sword" was published in the same year as "Lord of the Rings" and makes very different use of Scandinavian mythology than Tolkien did in LotR.
Do you assert that works such as Jack Vance's Dying Earth are cut from the same cloth as C.S. Lewis' Narnia stories?
And then there's the whole Sword & Planet genre that developed independently in America under the influence of Edgar Rice Burroughs. From the 1930s through to the 1950's there were a whole string of genre authors mining this vein (of whom the best was undoubtably the sadly neglected Leigh Brackett). Plus there was the "Lost World" genre represented by authors such as Abraham Merritt (The Moon Pools, Dwellers in the Mirage, The Face in the Abyss, et al).
Some of the authors mentioned above did work with "Western mythological tropes as established in historical texts of cultural significance" - for example, Lovecraft was writing in the Gothic tradition that grew out of the 19th Romantic movement and was heavily influenced by Poe, Clark Ashton Smith was heavily influenced by the French decadents (particularly Baudelaire), and Robert E. Howard stole from any source that didn't run away fast enough (although a lot of his history was borrowed from the stories of Harold Lamb). And then there is the whole influence of Orientalism on early American fantasy - William Beckford's Vathek and Richard Francis Burton's translation of A Thousand and One Nights cast a long shadow over the development of American fantasy.
The assertion that Tolkien and C.S. Lewis wrote Epic versions of Winnie the Pooh is derived from Michael Moorcock's essay later republished in his non-fiction book "Wizardry and Wild Romance". In my opinion, Moorcock makes some good points, but wildly over-states his case for rhetorical purposes. To be honest, I think Richard Morgan's recent critique of Tolkien is stronger and more objective in many ways.
Tolkien and Lewis were not the only authors who that influenced the tropes of fantasy RPGS. Gary Gygax consistently downplayed the influence of Tolkien on his own work, indicating that he preferred authors such as Robert E. Howard, Abraham Merrit, Fritz Leiber, and L. Sprague De Camp. If you look at Appendix N in the 1st Edition Dungeon Master's Guide, you will see that Tolkein was only one author amongst many - and not one that Gygax singled out as a strong influence on the development of the game. The normative influence of Tolkien came later, with the advent of Fantasy as a publishing category.
There are very few books in the product line for Legend announced so far that scream generic Tolkien-influenced fantasy at me - there are a couple of historical fantasy sourcebooks on the horizon....and the Spider God's Bride adventure seems to channel the older American pulp fantasy tradition.