paltrysum said:
. . . There is some mention in Marc Miller's novel, "Agent of the Imperium," that you start losing your mind if you have them on all the time, but that's outside the rules of course.
. . .
Some people start losing their minds just from having their smartphones on all the time. I could see that being a significantly larger problem for something directly attached to a person's brain.
I can see the munchkin appeal of being able to buy skills that others work for, but adding too much transhuman technology to
Traveller starts to make it less
Traveller to me and more
Transhuman Space.
But the original question is whether there are places where cyborgs are people. And the obvious follow-up question is if not, why not? There is the general Imperial prejudice against sentient robots, because of a pre-Imperial disaster where a war robot decided that weapons of mass destruction were the only way to be sure. (There's also the ancient Vilani fear of autonomous war machines left behind by the Ancients.) A treaty resulted, and although it is not binding on the Imperium, it is widely regarded as a good model for planetary laws.
But what about cyborgs? For one thing, there's the fuzzy continuum of purely biological, biological with artificial prostheses, biological with bionic augmentation, half-and-half cyborg, largely artificial cyborg, robot with biological parts, and pure robot. Where does the law draw the line on such things? Differently on various Imperial worlds, and probably different on various independent worlds and pocket empires.
So why might there be widespread antipathy toward cyborgs or other transhuman technology? In the case of cyborgs, maybe there was a disaster that is behind it. Suppose a society widely adopted cyborg technology, and a leader developed a charismatic persona as part of his array of features, and gave everyone radio networking technology so his charismatic persona made him the absolute ruler of a planetary group mind. And then he decided that one world was not enough, and sent high technology group mind armies out to conquer nearby worlds. By the time the Imperium resolved to do something about the problem, it took an entire sector's military might to stop the group mind cyborgs, and many worlds ended up as wastelands. Blame the technology? Of course! That's a lot easier politically than acknowledging that complacency about the problem allowed the cyborgs to expand too far before forces were mustered to halt the threat.
What about biological transhuman technology? That's easier to manage. An uplift is a massive undertaking to do right. Many existing variant human races are social problems already, so making more of them is considered a dubious idea. And individual biological modifications might be mistaken for a new variant race, and regarded as trouble until proven otherwise.