If you do Military Academy and proceed to the Flight branch of Navy taking Pilot and Gunner as two of your graduation skills, it feels a lot like Flight School, tbh.
Likewise for Medical doing University and choosing Medic as your main skill. You'll be Medic-2 upon graduation and get a bonus to enlist in Scholar.
Law School is taking Advocate as your main, then presumably aiming for a Citizen (corporate) career as a practicing lawyer.
Art college is definitely covered by the existing University pre-career. I can assure you that it is accurate that graduating with a fine art degree gives you zero bonuses to finding a job as an artist, aside from commercial art (and that's covered by the bonus to joining Citizen (corporate) I guess...). But the actual skills you obtain are indeed useful towards producing art, while usually doing something else to pay the bills.
There's a case to be made to allow for some career critical skills to be used instead of characteristic mods for some prior career rolls. Compare a Character with Art (holography) 3 but with INT 8, vs one with Art (holography) 0 and INT 9. The former has a zero mod for advancement, the latter has a +1. Survival is based on SOC, so only the well connected have long careers? Wherefore the poor, struggling artist? As well, different forms of art covered by the career use different stats. Dex, Int or Edu might all be the main stat, depending on the type of art.
Maybe tweak it so that you can use either Art skill or the characteristic? There's probably a few other careers where that may make sense. (And I do realise that there are Events where your career relevant skill can end up giving you a bonus. Maybe that's enough?)