I believe that what is being referred to here is the concept that two or more parts of the ship's hull are designed to split apart in an emergency and manoeuvre more or less autonomously.
It's like having a 20000 dton ship.
Primary hull - 12000 dtons. Main J-drive, M-drive, fuel and powerplant. Main computer, flight deck and main sensor array. Main Engineering. Auxiliary bridge.
Secondary hull - 8000 dtons. Aux M-drive, aux power plant, aux fuel supply, main staterooms, sickbay, recreational facilities, secondary batteries, auxiliary sensor array, aux computer, main bridge.
When the ship is one single unit, all the ship's operations are shared by all facilities throughout the ship. As two separate units, the primary hull is overpowered (because the drive and power plant are designed for a much bigger ship) and that's the part of the ship that goes in fighting, while the secondary hull is meant to flee the immediate scene and take non-essential passengers and personnel off to safety.
Something like that.
You could carry it off with making the hull modular; provided that no more than 75% of the hull is modular, if you had an aux bridge, drives, power plant, fuel and computer, you could pull it off.
How does that sound?